Breast Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Medical Help
Breast pain, also known as mastalgia, is a common concern among women of all ages. While it can range from mild discomfort to severe pain affecting daily activities, it is rarely a sign of breast cancer. In fact, less than 10% of women diagnosed with breast cancer report pain as one of their symptoms.
At Breast Center of New England, we prioritize women’s breast health and aim to help you understand the causes of breast pain, how to manage it, and when to seek medical attention.
Types of Breast Pain
Breast pain is classified into two main types: cyclical and non-cyclical.
Cyclical Breast Pain
Cyclical breast pain is linked to hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle and typically:
Usually occurs in both breasts
Frequently feels like a dull, aching, or heavy sensation
Peaks before menstruation and improves afterward
Affects premenopausal women more often
Because of the hormonal relationship, cyclical breast pain usually decreases significantly or resolves after menopause. To diagnose this pain, your doctor will take a detailed medical history and perform a physical exam.
Non-Cyclical Breast Pain
Non-cyclical breast pain is unrelated to the menstrual cycle and may:
Occur in one or both breasts
Feel sharp, burning, or stabbing
Be constant or intermittent
Originate from breast tissue, muscles, or the chest wall
Common causes of non-cyclical pain include medications, herbal supplements, weight gain, poorly fitting bras, muscle strain in the shoulder, neck, or chest, and even stress. If you have focal breast pain lasting more than two months, it is recommended that you consult your doctor. You may be referred for a diagnostic mammogram and ultrasound to rule out any underlying issues.
Common Causes of Breast Pain
Hormonal Fluctuations – Estrogen and progesterone levels change throughout the menstrual cycle, leading to breast tenderness.
Fibrocystic Breast Changes – Lumpiness and tenderness in the breasts due to hormonal influences.
Breast Cysts – Fluid-filled sacs in breast tissue that can cause swelling and tenderness, especially before menstruation.
Infections (Mastitis) – Common in breastfeeding women, mastitis causes pain, redness, swelling, and fever.
Breast Surgery or Trauma – Previous surgeries, injuries, or sometimes biopsies can lead to persistent pain due to scar tissue or nerve damage.
Medications – Birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy, and some antidepressants may contribute to breast pain.
Musculoskeletal Pain – Conditions like costochondritis (rib cartilage inflammation) can mimic breast pain.
Poorly Fitted Bras – Lack of proper support can strain breast tissue and cause discomfort.
Breast Cancer (Rarely a Cause of Pain) – While uncommon, breast cancer may cause discomfort.
Managing Breast Pain at Home
If your breast pain is mild or linked to hormonal changes, these at-home remedies may help: ✔️
Wear a Supportive Bra – A well-fitted bra can reduce breast movement and discomfort. ✔️
Apply Warm or Cold Compresses – Helps pain and inflammation. ✔️
Use Over-the-Counter Pain Relievers – Ibuprofen or acetaminophen can provide relief. ✔️ Adjust Your Diet – Reduce caffeine, salt, and fatty foods. ✔️
Consider Supplements – Some studies suggest evening primrose oil or vitamin E may help with cyclical breast pain. Be sure not to exceed recommended amounts. ✔️
Check for Musculoskeletal Causes – Physical therapy may help if the pain originates from the neck or shoulder. ✔️
Quit Smoking – Smoking can impact circulation and worsen pain. ✔️
Evaluate Hormones – Talk to your doctor about birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While breast pain is usually harmless, you should see a doctor if: ✅ The pain persists for more than a few weeks. ✅ The pain is localized to one specific area. ✅ You notice a lump or mass. ✅ You experience nipple discharge (especially bloody or clear). ✅ There is redness, swelling, or warmth, which may indicate an infection. ✅ The pain interferes with daily activities and is not relieved by home remedies.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Breast Pain
1. Is breast pain always related to breast cancer?
No. Breast pain is rarely a symptom of breast cancer. Most cases are due to hormonal changes, cysts, or musculoskeletal issues. However, persistent pain should be evaluated.
2. Can stress cause breast pain?
Yes. Stress and anxiety can contribute to hormonal imbalances and muscle tension, which may lead to breast pain.
3. Do breast cysts always require treatment?
The vast majority of cysts are benign and do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort. If needed, they can be drained (aspirated).
4. Can men experience breast pain?
Yes. Men can develop breast pain due to conditions like gynecomastia (enlarged breast tissue) or infections.
5. Does caffeine make breast pain worse?
Some women report increased breast tenderness with caffeine consumption. Reducing caffeine intake may help alleviate symptoms.
6. Should I be concerned about breast pain after menopause?
Breast pain after menopause is common. If the pain is persistent and localizes to one spot, consulting a doctor is recommended.
7. Can exercise help with breast pain?
Yes. Regular exercise helps regulate hormones and improve circulation, which may reduce breast discomfort. Wearing a supportive sports bra is recommended during workouts.
8. When should I get a mammogram if I have breast pain?
If you have persistent, unexplained breast pain, your doctor may recommend a mammogram or ultrasound to rule out underlying conditions.
9. What treatments are available for chronic breast pain?
Depending on the cause, treatment options may include lifestyle modifications, pain relievers, hormonal therapy, or procedures like cyst drainage.
Expert Breast Care at Breast Center of New England
If you are experiencing persistent or concerning breast pain, don’t wait to seek help. At Breast Center of New England, our compassionate team provides comprehensive breast care.
📍 Address: 40 Concord Rd, Suite 1, Lee, NH 03861
📞 Phone: (603) 516-7090
🌐 Website: breastne.com
We are here to support your health and provide expert, patient-centered care. Schedule your consultation today!